Case study: volcanic eruption - BBC Bitesize.
Eruptions after eruptions, eventually builds up the mountain cone of the volcano from debris and lava flow. Different volcanoes have different eruptions. Some eruptions are huge fiery clouds that rise high over the mountains, and glowing rivers of lava flow down its sides. In other eruptions, red-hot ash and cinder shoot out the mountaintop and large chunks of hot rock are blasted into the air.
Explosive eruptions are so powerful, they can shoot particles 20 miles up (32 kilometers), hurl 8-ton boulders more than a half mile (0.8 kilometers) away, and cause massive landslides. Explosive eruptions also create an avalanche of hot volcanic debris, ash, and gas that bulldozes everything in its path. Explosive volcanoes cause most of the volcano-related fatalities.
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The volcano is located at the NW margin of the older caldera. More than 30 scoria cones and fissure vents dot Villarrica's flanks. Plinian eruptions and pyroclastic flows that have extended up to 20 km from the volcano have been produced during the past few thousands years. Lava flows up to 18 km long have issued from summit and flank vents.
The first major eruption of the Yellowstone volcano, which occurred 2.1 million years ago, is among the largest volcanic eruptions known, covering over 5,790 square miles with ash. The most recent m ajor eruption, 640,000 years ago, caused the ground to collapse into the magma reservoir, leaving a giant caldera. Subsequent lava flows filled in much of the caldera, and it is now measured at 30.
The Essay on Volcanoes Volcano Eruptions Lava. Volcanoes What is a Volcano The scientific definition of a volcano is a geological landform, consisting of a fissure in the earth s crust, above which a cone of volcanic material has accumulated. The cone is formed by the deposition of molten or solid matter that flows or is ejected through the.
Bates reports that in ancient Rome lime and volcanic ash were mixed to make cement. In modern times pumice and volcanic ash have been used to make cement for major construction projects (dams) in California and Oklahoma. Pumice and volcanic ash continue to be used as lightweight aggregate in concrete, especially precast concrete blocks. Crushed and ground pumice are also used for loose-fill.